Page(s): 01-06 Date of Publication: 25 October 2021
The study was undertaken to examine the influence of teacher’s biographic attributes on their job performance in public secondary schools in Edo State. Various theories concerning some concepts such as gender and marital status, qualification, experience as it relates to the job performance levels of teachers. Teachers were orally interviewed on these various variables as it affects their levels of job performance. The result showed that there was moderate level of teachers job performance in Edo State. It was recommended that qualified teachers should be employed and that Government should encourage teachers to attend conferences and seminars inorder to improve on their job performance.
Page(s): 07-13 Date of Publication: 25 October 2021
Nigeria returned to democratic rule 1999 after many years of military autocracy. Since then, the country has come under array of complex security threats. This paper, therefore, examined these security threats like insurgency, terrorism, banditry and cattle rustlings, pastoralists/farmers skirmishes, militancy and communal conflicts among others and their profound repercussions on national security and development. Adopting the multi-disciplinary approach, this study revealed that at the root of these emerging threats lie mass misgvings over the perceived political thuggery, poverty and hunger, unemployment, lack of government responsibility, collapse of social infrastructure, and corruption within the system. The findings of the paper showed that the insecurity with its frightening and unprecedented dimensions had serious adverse effects on the State’s security architecture, personal safety, national stability and development. It recommends among other things, that priority attention should be focused more on people-centred measures that could more easily deliver the good life to the entire citizenry than on military hard ware and institutions.
Page(s): 14-24 Date of Publication: 25 October 2021
Page(s): 25-31 Date of Publication: 25 October 2021
The main thrust of this study was to examine the provision of facilities for effective implementation of school-based technical and vocational education in Delta State, the planning imperative.One research question and one hypothesis guided the study. The census sampling technique was used. The sample of the study consists of 292 respondents, which comprised 12 administrators and 280 instructors in the sixtechnical and vocational institutions in the state. A researcher- structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. The instrument which was structured according to the modified four-point Likert scale was validated and had a reliability coefficient of 0.80 got using Cronbach Alpha method. The research questionwas answered using mean and standard deviation, while the null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance using the z-test statistics. The study revealed thatgovernment involvement in technical planning for the construction of school building, provision of furniture and fittings are some of the ways of planning the provision of facilities. The study recommended among other things that government should ensure that workshops in the technical and vocational schools are equipped with required facilities. Government also needs to synergize with technical educational planners for the provision of appropriate facilities.
Page(s): 32-36 Date of Publication: 25 October 2021
Page(s): 37-55 Date of Publication: 26 October 2021
This study inspected the support services provided to students with disabilities (SWD) in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Tanzania, where a total of 173 respondents were involved in a descriptive study that was cross-sectional design. The respondents were categorized as follows; 33 SWD, including ten visually impaired, seven hearing impaired, seven physically impaired, five low vision, three Albino, and one speech impaired. Other respondents included 47 non-disabled students, 40 Dar-es-Salam University students’ organization (DARUSO) leaders, 35 trainers, and 18 management personnel. The study revealed the support services provided to SWD as caretakers, health and psychological support, accommodation facilities available around the University, sign language interpreters, readers, leaders, loans, and other special treatment. However, the study reports on shortages of special education staff and transport facilities. The study recommends the improvement of infrastructures accessible to SWD and the increase of more permanent committed special education educators and other specially trained supporting staff.
Page(s): 56-61 Date of Publication: 26 October 2021
Page(s): 62-70 Date of Publication: 27 October 2021
This study aimed at assessing privatisation as an engine of economic diversification in Kabwe District of Central Zambia. Despite some studies arguing that privatisation subjected former employees to harsh economic conditions due to the loss of their jobs, this study argues that privatisation was an engine of economic diversification in Kabwe. This was because privatisation opened up new doors for former workers to come up with other economic activities that enabled them to earn a living. Instead of experiencing economic retrogression as suggested by some studies, former workers from the privatised parastatals engaged themselves in other economic activities like trading and farming which enabled them to live far much better lives as compared to the time when they were still in employment. The study further discusses that privatisation benefited not only former workers, but the entire community of Kabwe District. Apart from the people of Kabwe, Zambia at large and other parts of the world benefitted from the privatisation of Kabwe’s parastatals. Therefore, the findings of this study will help people within and outside Kabwe to appreciate privatisation as a blessing and not a curse
Page(s): 71-76 Date of Publication: 27 October 2021
The notion that monetary policy is a panacea for economic growth remains empirically subjected to open research. This study tries to close up the knowledge gap by examining the impact of monetary policy on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 2010 to 2019. This study examined the impact of the monetary policy, influence of dynamics in the money market as well as the influence of deposit and lending activities of the money market on the growth of the Nigerian economy. Preliminary analysis shows evidence of long run equilibrium relationship which implies that the variables exhibit a common deterministic trend. By the regression estimates, Monetary Policy (MPR) has a significant and positive impact on Economic Growth (b= 0.021, t= 3.86, p < 0.05), Government Lending Activities has a significant and negative influence on Economic Growth (b= -0.045, t= -2.52, p < 0.05), and deposit activities (SADR) has a significant and positive impact on Economic Growth (b= 0.038, t= 3.463, p < 0.05). While lending rate has a significant and negative influence on Economic Growth (b= -0.020, t= -1.986, p < 0.05), the inverse relationship between lending rates and lending activity (with lower lending rate leading to higher lending activities, and vice-versa), a positive relationship exists between lending activities and economic growth. The results of the impact of monetary policy on economic growth in Nigeria depicts the nature of the financial structure, characterized by a low level of development. Monetary policy and deposit activities impact the economy positively. Therefore, the study recommends that measures to further promote monetary policy and deposits activities be put in place to promote economic growth. Policies at stimulating market forces to the right direction be considered.
Page(s): 77-85 Date of Publication: 27 October 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51001Page(s): 86-91 Date of Publication: 27 October 2021
The African continent is encountering numerous armed conflicts, some of which have been blamed on mass media. In these numerous armed conflicts that Africa is experiencing, the media, in view of the roles it plays in a society automatically becomes a key player in either fueling the conflicts or resolving them. Since 2016, Cameroon has been the epicenter of intrastate conflict with devastating consequences. With the proliferation of the broadcast media, the deepening of the conflict is not unconnected to the media. The media has played and continue to play a major role in the ongoing conflict. This study explored the role played by the broadcast media and examined the media strategies put in place by the broadcast media to minimize the occurrence of violence. Social Responsibility Theory of reporting was used to anchor this study. The study employs a mixed research design (qualitative and quantitative). Surveys and 110 interviews were administered to the audience and journalists respectively in Bamenda, Buea on a face-to-face and self-administered basis. Key findings of this study reveal that majority of the respondents (60.4%) are of the opinion that the broadcast media played the role of conflict escalation and majority of the journalists interviewed also shared the same view. Over 60% of the respondents hold that restructuring the content of broadcast media is major strategy to be employed in times of conflict. Content restructure of broadcast media is also recommended by journalists interviewed. The implication of the findings of this study is that it will add to existing literature in the field of peace, conflict transformation and communication. The research will serve as a platform for journalists to understand how to communicate during conflict.
Page(s): 92-100 Date of Publication: 27 October 2021
Page(s): 101-108 Date of Publication: 28 October 2021
Sri Lanka is a multicultural country composed of the societies such as Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, Catholics and Christians. It is seen that the contemporary society diverges from the footing of social reconciliation due to the responsiveness to violence, disparity, and economic inequity and affected by the disparity in region and ethnicity. This concept of reconciliation should be educated among individuals, families, and society. The hypothesis of this study is that if this concept of reconciliation is sowed during the childhood, the future of Sri Lanka is prosperous. The objective of this study is to assess and analyse the concept of reconciliation defined in the religious text of Grade 10 and recommend the strategies and suggestions to build up the ethnic coherence. The data used in this data are collected from the primary and secondary sources. It is found in this study that there is an exclusive unit seen in the textbook of Buddhist religion. The ethnic reconciliation is sowed directly and indirectly in five places and three places respectively in the textbook. In the textbook of Hinduism religion, the concept of ethnic reconciliation is seen indirectly in the three places. It is seen straightforwardly and indirectly in the three places and in the four places respectively in the textbook of Islamic religion. In the textbook of Christianity, the concept of ethnic reconciliation is stated directly and indirectly in the three places and in the two places respectively. In the textbook of Catholic religion, the ethnic reconciliation is stated directly and indirectly in one place and in the three places respectively. In addition, it is found that it indicates the insufficiency of the concept of ethnic reconciliation in the textbooks of the religion. It is recommended to design an exclusive subject for the ethnic reconciliation in the school textbooks and suggest educational tours in the schools motivating the ethnic reconciliation.
Page(s): 109-115 Date of Publication: 28 October 2021
Thailand’s Digital Skills Scenario of the Workforce to Promote Digital Economy Under & Post COVID-19 Pandemic is a qualitative research that involve an e-interview and desk research focused on the ecosystem of workforces empowerment in Thailand relevant to digital skills to serve the digital economy. The e-Interviews have been made to 45 interviewees who are urban migrant job seekers, fresh graduated students, private sectors, business associations, and government agencies under the current situation where COVID-19 pandemic and the technologies disruption to shape the new future jobs. Its objectives are to study 1) the scenario of workforces under the digital economy affected from COVID-19 pandemic and the technology disruption relevant with digital skills in Thailand; 2) the scenario of the digital skills relevant to the future jobs skills among all the workforces in Thailand; and 3) the government’s policy relevant digital re-skill-up-skilling among the workforces for the current demanding jobs and post COVID-19. Findings are 1) the scenario of workforces relevant with digital literacy and digital skills among all the marginal workers from selected ASEAN countries found affected by the pandemic as well as technology disruption resulted in a pattern of businesses shifting from the formal sector to the informal sectors that affected to most of the low-mid skilled. The future of work has already arrived for a large majority of the online white-collar workforce. eighty-four percent of employers are set to rapidly digitalized working processes, including a significant expansion of remote work with its trend to change, currently 44% of workforces operates remotely; 2) the scenario of the digital literacy and digital skills relevant to the current and the future jobs skills among all the marginal workers found the top emerging jobs are data analysts, data scientists, digital marketing specialist, software and application developer, youtubers and start-ups. All kinds of administrative jobs, secretaries, accounting, book keeping, payroll clerk, HR would be declining. Most of the marginal workers have low -mid digital skills such as Microsoft Office, digital marketing, photoshop, social media, content creating, video editing. Workers are looking forward to re-skills in all related digital skills ranking from fundamental to mid and high skills such as data analytic, data science, software development, web development, cybersecurity, AI and programing which concerned as a necessary profile that one must have in-depth knowledge in order to attract all the demanding jobs; and 3) the government’s policy relevant to support any digital re-skill, up-skilling among all the workforces including the marginal workers to serve well with all demanding skills of the future jobs found similar in 1) accelerate workforce digital competency by partnering with private and industry sectors through TVET training system; 2) working with industry leaders to revamp national curriculums via digital learning pathways and emerging skillsets. The PPP strategy must be used for knowledge transfer and support to building Digital Ecosystem.
Page(s): 116-127 Date of Publication: 28 October 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51002Page(s): 128-134 Date of Publication: 30 October 2021
This manuscript is a study on the effects of institutional, attitudinal, environmental and financial challenges on academic performance on learners with physical disabilities face in schools in Zambia. The study was conducted at Dagama School for the Physically Challenged in Luanshya district. The site was selected because it had learners with physical disabilities. The instruments for data collection included the semi-structured interview schedule for school administrators, focused group discussion for class teachers and learners with physical disabilities, and observation checklist for class teachers and the natural surroundings. The study found that learners with physical disabilities faced challenges in the school and these were difficult in accessing the common bathrooms, mobility problems due to lack of crutches and wheelchairs, poor lighting system in the classrooms and corridors, negative attitude of parents and school administrators towards the learners, unmodified curriculum, being taught by untrained special teachers, inadequate teaching and learning materials, lack of support from the parents, poor payment of school fees by parents, limited support from the well-wishers and little funding from the government. The effects of the challenges on the learners’ academic performance included mobility problems, reporting late for lessons, promotion of dependence syndrome and absenteeism, losing of marks in compulsory and practical subjects, being passive in the class, teachers not providing the necessary skills required by the learners, no prescribed textbooks and psychological effect. The study discovered the measures such as modification of the common bathroom infrastructure, curriculum, maintaining the existing ramps, rails, paved pathways, and double doors, orientations of new teachers in special education, improving the lighting system in the classrooms and corridors, training more teachers in special education, acquisition of appropriate teaching and learning materials, government increasing funding to the school, offering bursaries, involving into self-help activities like farming and fundraising ventures and commitment of the parents to paying school fees and provision of school commodities for the children.
Page(s): 135-145 Date of Publication: 30 October 2021
Kidnapping for ransom before the 1990s was not a very prominent form of criminality until the Niger Delta militants began using it to press home their demands for redress to perceived injustices done their region. Ransom payment made kidnapping a very attractive crime and it spread from the Niger Delta region to all parts of Southern Nigeria. From Southern Nigeria, kidnapping for ransom spread to the Northern part of the country and was embraced by criminal gangs and terrorist groups such as Boko Haram; an Islamic group fighting a war of insurgency in the North East. This opened a new vista of criminality in Nigeria. Since then it has grown in proportion to a much sought after criminal act by criminally minded persons due to the high monetary gains involved. With the aid of mainly secondary sources, the paper uses both narrative and analytical tools to dilate on contours of the problem. It argues that kidnapping has festered in the country due to the introduction of ransom and this is generating damning implications for national development. The paper makes suggestions on ways to contain the hydra headed act of criminality currently ravaging the country.
Page(s): 146-149 Date of Publication: 30 October 2021
Page(s): 150-156 Date of Publication: 30 October 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51003This article explored the use of ICT in teaching of Geography to pupils in selected schools of Petauke district in eastern province Zambia. Objective of this article was; to establish the types of ICT materials available for teaching Geography in secondary schools in Petauke District, Zambia, to explore the extent to which ICT devices/platforms were being integrated in the teaching and learning of geography in selected schools of Petauke district; and to suggest the best means of integrating ICT’s in teaching and learning of geography in selected schools of Petauke district. A qualitative approach with a descriptive study design was used to collect data through in-depth interviews and observations. A total of twenty-eight (28) respondents were involved in the study and the information collected was thematically analysed with the guidance of Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six phase framework. The study revealed that computers, laptops, projectors, printers, smartphones and tablets were among the widely used ICT devices in the teaching and learning of Geography in the selected schools of Petauke district. However, these devices were very few and could not cover the needs of every learner or teacher due to the resource to user ratio, which proved highly unsustainable. The findings showed that integration of ICTs was hindered by the unavailability and shortage of resources. The findings further pointed out that teachers and learners lacked in skill to use most ICT resources beyond these resources’ basic functions. According to the findings, the conclusion drawn was that to enhance effective integration of ICTs in the teaching and learning of Geography, teachers and learners need to be provided with adequate ICTs resources in their teaching and learning of Geography. It is also important for school management to provide adequate funding to enable its Teachers to attend workshops where they can gain skills and knowledge for integrating ICTs in the teaching and learning of Geography.
Page(s): 157-167 Date of Publication: 30 October 2021
Page(s): 168-177 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
The study primarily assessed the health service delivery trainings that determined the competence of Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) in Kiblawan, Davao del Sur. It also determined the effect of trainings and the motivating factors and perceived benefits of attending such trainings. The descriptive-correlational technique was applied with a questionnaire representing as the primary method of data collection. Total Enumeration has been used to select participants in conducting the study. Statistical tools such as, Percentage, Mean, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed. Results showed that majority of the respondents were 45 years old and above, high school graduates, married, with 1-3 number of trainings attended, and capable of serving the community for over ten years. Findings revealed that BHWs were competent in dealing and handling the health concerns of the community and showed that the trainings they have attended were effective. However, Barangay officials’ allotment of financial resources for BHW’s trainings and seminars was recommended so that they could properly deliver the healthcare services to their constituents.The relationship between the demographic profile and the competence of barangay health workers, as well as the effect of trainings, was discovered to be significant. Therefore, the hypothesis formulated was rejected. On the other hand, for the second hypothesis, the findings revealed that the relationship between the Competence of Barangay Health Workers and the Effect of Trainings is significant and the hypothesis formulated is also rejected.
Page(s): 178-188 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
One of the goals of graduate education is to produce graduates equipped with excellent research skills. With the challenges on the quality education and demands on excellence, the current priority of the Commission of Higher Education is on research. Graduate schools offering graduate programs are mandated to guide students develop the research skills expected of them. The purpose of this study is to determine how specific factors such as research efficacy and research interest contributed to research knowledge of the students. The participants of the study are the Master’s and Doctoral student enrolled in the school. The study utilized descriptive research design. The results showed that the Graduate students have good research interest and good level of self-efficacy, but poor research knowledge. Moreover, there is a significant contribution of interest in research to research knowledge, but a negative contribution of research self-efficacy to students’ research knowledge. These findings imply that the development of the graduate students’ research interest should be prioritized by the School of Education. These also denotes that there could be other factors to be looked into that may have contribution to students’ research knowledge, not only efficacy and interest.
Page(s): 189-193 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51004Page(s): 194-199 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51005This study is conducted among the older people with dementia who are affected by modernization. This is based on broad objectives of exploring the psycho-social factors of older people with dementia and which is related to the modernization. This study has been followed qualitative research approach and for this purpose it selected six cases from Bangladesh. Case study method, purposive sampling technique and semi-structured interview schedule have been used to collect data. The findings of the study has been showed that the on-going process of forming nuclear family will add more pressure on the elderly support system because of modernization. This changing situation is created different kinds of diseases like dementia. Most of the demented people are 60 and over 60 years old. All of them are suffering other diseases like diabetics, high blood pressure, depression, anxiety and so on. This study also reveals that the course of dementia differ from person to person and is associated with a range of factors including the subtype of dementia, physical health issues, lifestyle aspects and the social support systems of the person with disease. It is observed that they are not aware about their rights and opportunities. Participants haven’t got proper medical facilities to cure this disease. This work will also strive to ensure the facilities of the older people with dementia so that they will maintain their social status. This work will be also ensured the facilities of the dementia for the older people
Page(s): 200-205 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51006Page(s): 206-209 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
The focus of this study was to investigate challenges of the New Retirement Age for teachers in selected government primary schools of Sioma District of Western Zambia. The study evoked qualitative approach using descriptive research design. A sample of 32 participants comprising twenty-four class teachers and eight school managers was purposefully and conveniently drawn from four government primary schools in Sioma District. Data were collected through questionnaires as well as interview guides. Analysis of data was done thematically where merging and emerging themes were presented in a descriptive form as findings of the study. The study found that majority of teachers interviewed in Sioma District were not in favour of the New Retirement Age. Most of the participants expressed willingness to retire at the age of fifty-five so that they could get their benefits and start a new life while they were still energetic. In addition, the study found that there was a lot of stigma against older teachers which had affected work relationships in most schools as younger teachers accused the older ones of being fatigued and unwilling to accept change or innovation, especially technological changes in education. The younger teachers also complained about less promotions opportunities in the Ministry as the older teachers were still holding on to most senior positions. It was further reported by majority of participants talked to that accommodation in rural schools had become a great challenge for teachers because some of the houses were still occupied by older teachers who could have retired two or three years ago Therefore, the study recommended that the Zambian government should revise the current retirement age to provide for two options only; 55 years normal and 60 years late retirement and that the Ministry of General Education should introduce performance based salaries.
Page(s): 210-218 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
This cross-sectional study assessed the availability and use of instructional aids in the teaching and learning of Ghanaian languages in Senior High Schools in the Mfantsiman Municipality of Central Region, Ghana. Through a proportionate stratified sampling method, 210 respondents were selected from four public Senior High Schools located in the Mfantsiman Municipality of the Central Region. The respondents included 201 students and 9 instructors. The primary data collection tool used for data gathering was a self-developed questionnaire. Following a descriptive analysis of the quantitative data, it was discovered that visual aids are the most readily available and frequently used instructional aids for the teaching of Ghanaian languages in the selected Senior High Schools within the Mfantsipim Municipality. It was also revealed that instructors of Ghanaian languages seldom utilized audio and audio-visual aids to support their classroom instruction and the reason for this mishap was the insufficiency of such forms of instructional aids. In light of these findings, the study recommended that Ghanaian language instructors, with the assistance of the Ghana Education Service, be equipped with the necessary instructional tools in order to make the teaching and learning of Ghanaian languages an enjoyable experience for students.
Page(s): 219-225 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
Page(s): 226-241 Date of Publication: 01 November 2021
Page(s): 242-271 Date of Publication: 03 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51007Theory of Mind (ToM) deficits is one of the major deficits in children with the developmental disorder. In this research, the problems of Theory of Mind in Bengali children with High Functioning Autism (HFA) are tried to be identified. Not only that, the impacts of the deficits of ToM on the language are also analyzed in the research. Data have been collected from 08 High Functioning Autistic children from a reputed autism specialized school. Their chronological age is 16-22 and mental age is 8-12. From the findings of the research, the conclusion can be formulated that, ToM deficits hamper their daily lives in many ways and communication. Different types of therapy module can be formulated after considering the result of this paper.
Page(s): 272-282 Date of Publication: 03 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51008Entrepreneurship intentions among students in East Java are carried out by analyzing business incubators and local business potentials in East Java Province. Several research findings indicate that business activities that are prospective for development in the East Java region are quite diverse and are carried out by entrepreneurs in the region, while the growth of young entrepreneurs is still limited. The potential of the business sector that can be developed by young people in East Java can be a means to create young entrepreneurs. Here, there is no maximum effort to develop business activities on micro, small, or medium scale products. In addition, local governments and universities have given their role to foster entrepreneurship in community groups including young people, however, it is still not optimal. Finally, the incubator business development is carried out to develop entrepreneurial intentions among students.
Page(s): 283-287 Date of Publication: 03 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51009Page(s): 288-290 Date of Publication: 03 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51010The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of China’s Monetary Aid on Public Debt. The key literature reviewed from various sources showed that a number of China’s monetary aid in form of concessional loans, grants and interest free loans had great impact on the public debt many Sub-Saharan African countries, Kenya being the classic example under study. Realism theory was used to theoretically analyse the study in the behaviour of China’s aid to Kenya as largely self-seeking. The study adopted an exploratory research design. The target population was limited to two Kenyan government ministries, IR scholars and economic experts and the embassy of the Peoples’ Republic of China in Kenya, the total population under study was 700. This study applied purposive sampling technique in selecting a sample size of 70 respondents. Documents, questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. The study found that monetary aid from China as concessional loans, grants and interest free loans have direct positive impact on the Kenya’s public debt to a large extent when measuring it through the real GDP growth. The study findings established that China’s aid in form of concessional loans do not only come with a tag of ‘zero-or-no interest loans but also are attractive for their non-conditionality to the recipient countries hence preferred to those others from OECD-DAC which have constant regulations. The study recommended that the government of Kenya to reduce its external borrowing and embrace savings, external debts require consistence debt servicing unlike debts from domestic borrowing. The study further recommended that Kenya should reconsider its competitive advantage in manufacturing, sisal, tea, leather and coffee exports to the Chinese mainstream economy so as to meet the aspect of fair and balance of trade. An area for further study would be on the Debt-Trap Diplomacy claims associated with China aid policies to Sub-Saharan African countries.
Page(s): 291-299 Date of Publication: 03 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51011Page(s): 300-302 Date of Publication: 08 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51012This study investigated the efficacy of Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) as a predictor of first year Social Science students’ achievement in University of Jos, Nigeria. Four research objectives with corresponding research questions were raised to guide the study while four hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The research design used in the study was ex-post facto. The population of the study comprises 1,774 students in department of Economics, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology. The sample size for the study was 326 students which were drawn through the use of Taro-Yamane formula for sample size determination and multi stage sampling procedure was employed to arrive at the sample. The study required the collection and analysis of existing data from official records. The instrument for data collection was a pro-forma which was validated by two experts. Data for the study were collected with the help of a research assistant who was a staff in the registry department, University of Jos. Data collected were analyzed using regression to answer the research questions and to test the null hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that students UTME scores predicts their CGPA in the four departments (Economics, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology) in University of Jos for 2015/2016 session. Based on the findings of the study, the study concludes that students in the University of Jos in the department of Economics, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology were admitted based on their scores in UTME since there is correlation between their UTME scores and their achievements. The study recommended that admission to prospective students in University of Jos into all departments should be given strictly based on students’ scores in Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME).
Page(s): 303-309 Date of Publication: 08 November 2021
This paper assessed environmental protection for sustainable development in Nigeria. It is a well-known fact that across the globe, there is a penchant to initiate policies and programmes that can protect the environment, and at the same time, engender sustainable development, given that a sustainable environment is the foundation of every meaningful development. Data for the study were drawn from published materials and Key Informant Interview (KII). The interviewees were made up of environmental activists and members of civil society organisations. Data for the study were analysed through content analysis, with attention to logical sequence of data. The study found that even though Nigeria parades a good number of environmental protection laws and policies, the challenge remains that there is little or no conscious effort at development, let alone sustainable development. The study recommended, among other things, the need for collective action towards sustainable development.
Page(s): 310-314 Date of Publication: 08 November 2021
Page(s): 315-322 Date of Publication: 08 November 2021
The observation and celebration of festivals is central to African cultural heritage with due social, political and economic relevance. This paper examined the celebration of Uparuba festival in Isua Akoko, not just as a yearly festival celebration but Jubilee celebration (Odun Jubili), to appease the deity for the remission of sins and atrocities against the cultural norms of the land and also to request for divine intervention and prosperous jubilee year. The focal horizon for the exploration into the study is to; investigate the historical background of Isua Akoko amidst reasons motivating origin for the celebration of Uparuba, purposes of the festival, modus operandi and its significance to the developments of Isua Akoko. In achieving this, the research made use of ethnographic research which was largely gleaned from primary sources and made use of the Structural Functionalist theory, which explains social stratification. The research argues that, the celebration of Uparuba Festival in Isua Akoko has not only brought development into the community, the celebration also protects the society against both internal and external attacks. It protects them from epidemic situations through the celebration, the role of litigation despite civilization is still not well pronounced as crime related issues are still solved communally. This increases the consciousness of the people of Isua Akoko to the genuineness and unfading nature of her cultural heritage. The research outlines some recommendations for future research, one of which is reduction in the excessive use of local gin to ameliorate one of the preaching of the festival.
Page(s): 323-328 Date of Publication: 08 November 2021
As a developing country, Sri Lanka faces many problems, and presently they show an increasing trend. Among them, social disparities, terrorism, traffic in illegal narcotics, and crime are predominant. The term ‘housebreaking, in Sri Lanka is similar to ‘burglary’ in other countries. After 2015, the definition of housebreaking and theft had been changed to ‘house breaking’ as the term implies theft is included in housebreaking. This study draws on the housebreaking rates prevalent in Sri Lanka from 2006 to 2020, which records a considerable decrease in the number of housebreaking from 95.7 in 2006 to 30.7 in 2020. The research problem is primarily concerned with the impacts of house-breaking as a property crime, and how far it has affected the normal life of the citizens of the country as it stands at 20.9% of the total number of grave crimes of the country. Therefore, this study was aimed at finding the nature and the impacts of housebreaking on victims. Sixty victims of the housebreaking were selected to achieve the targets of the study from a convenient sample, adding 1-9 housebreaking from a police station chosen from selected eight districts. The data were collected by using a semi-structured interview schedule administered to the victims of housebreaking. The findings of the study revealed that the many house-breakers were unknown to the victims except the fact that 18.3% of offenders were their relatives and neighbours. The majority 63.4% of the victims were involved in businesses and government sector employment and comparatively, they were rich people in the community to be targeted by the offenders for house-breaking. The main target of the burglars was the money and gold on some occasions they had stolen mobile phones, television and other household electronics items. The victims had identified 30% of the housebreakers and they were drug addicts and alcoholics who had committed burglary to finance their drugs. The impact of the housebreaking was financial loss, mental pain and anxiety caused to the majority of the victims. The victims have taken measures to prevent revictimization by ensuring security of their residences as well as of their valubels.The study proposes reducing drug addiction and target hardening on burglars would minimize the house-breaking of the country.
Page(s): 329-338 Date of Publication: 08 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51013Page(s): 339-342 Date of Publication: 09 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51014Neglecting the child could be a factor for generating mentally and physically ill people all around the world. Child neglect has simply defined the avoidance of primary care and failure to provide basic facilities including food, clothing, healthcare, education for the child by their parents or guardian. Child neglect considers as the most prevalent category of child abuse not only in Sri Lanka but also worldwide. Child welfare specialists form common categories of neglect including physical neglect, medical neglect, inadequate supervision, environmental neglect, emotional neglect, educational neglect. Though previous researchers have identified all the above categories of child neglect, there is no research have done to identify the most common category of child neglect in the Sri Lankan Context. The objective of this study is to identify the most common category of child neglect in Gampaha district, western province, Sri Lanka. Primary data were collected using mixed research method. Distributed structured questionnaires (N=134) and conducted semi-structured interviews (N=10) from neglected children who were reported in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. The researcher used descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and content analysis for analyzing purposes. The findings show the physical neglect is the most common type of child neglect while the cognitive neglect type has the lowest respondents. Supervision and emotional neglect indicated third and fourth places respectively. Government should take necessary action in assigning relevant officers including Child Rights Promoting Officers, Social Workers, Gramasewaka, and active officers for the relevant committees in order to spot children who are neglected by their families.
Page(s): 343-349 Date of Publication: 09 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51015The aim of this research is to explore the relationship and effect of work environment on employees’ retention in Adamawa State University Mubi – Nigeria. A total of 234 questionnaires containing 17 items were used to collect data from the respondents. Correlation and Linear Regression analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses. The Correlation Results of the current study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between work environment and employees’ retention (r = 0.556; p = 0.000) also, the Regression analysis results revealed that work environment has positive significant effect on employees’ retention (β = 0.329; p = 0.000). The model summary results revealed that work environment independently influence employees’ retention by 30.9%. Hence the researchers recommend that, employers in this sector should implement holistic approach in retention management so as to ensure they develop total packages which offer their employees requisite retention incentives. The study concluded that work environment is an effective predictor of employee retention. The researchers therefore recommend that institution administrators should strive to ensure continue improvement in the work environment since it significantly enhances institutions’ retention ability. Finally the study recommends that employers in tertiary institutions should strive towards broadening the spectrum of the work environment they can provide for their employees.
Page(s): 350-357 Date of Publication: 09 November 2021
Page(s): 358-364 Date of Publication: 09 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51016The study was conducted to determine the relationship between School Climate and Work Attitude of Senior High School teachers in Panabo City Division. It sought to identify the level of perceptions of Teachers towards School Climate and work attitudes. It also investigated significant difference on respondents in terms of their perception towards School climate and work attitude when analyzed according to Gender, Strand, and Length of Service. A descriptive-correlational research design was used in this study. SHS teachers were detailed as respondents. Based on findings, it was reported that teachers rated the school climate and work attitude as High. In terms of Gender, Strand, and Length of Service, the results reveal that there is no significant variation in teachers’ perceptions of school atmosphere and work attitude. In addition, there is a strong link between school atmosphere and job attitude. In terms of school atmosphere and work attitude, senior high school teachers get a high ranking. There is no discernible difference in how SHS instructors feel about school atmosphere and work attitude. It was shown that there is a substantial link between school environment and instructors’ work attitudes. In the light of the findings and conclusions, it is recommended that DepEd officials spearhead orientation-trainings to teachers. School administrators will be guided on the plans to be integrated in the curriculum. They may create strategies containing guidelines so that both teachers and administrators will be guided on properly sailing within the new curriculum.
Page(s): 365-370 Date of Publication: 09 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51017Page(s): 371-378 Date of Publication: 10 November 2021
The need for the provision of security is the basis of the social contract between the citizens and the state, thus, it is the core responsibility of the state to ensure the protection of the lives and properties of all citizens. However, despite the provision of this fundamental right in the constitution, lives of citizens are being threatened daily by the ostensible increase in cases of kidnappings and killings. The heightened cases of insecurity have continuously hampered the human capital development efforts of the Nigerian government. Against this background, this work examined the impact of the eclipsing cases of kidnappings and killings in Nigeria on the Human Capital Development. The broken window and Robert K. Merton’s anomie theories were employed in analysing factors that influence these anti-social behaviours. In other to have a robust work, this paper adopted both documentary and survey methods while utilizing the content analysis method in analysing the gathered data. This intellectual discourse observed that the spate in killings and abduction across the nation, deplete the workforce of the country and hamper national productivity. This is because the majority of persons killed are youths, who are considered engine of the country. The threats and attacks of bandits and killings have created a climate of fear and continues to have a surging effect on public safety, food security and social cohesion in Nigeria. The study suggests that Government and Policy makers should as a matter of urgency give high priority to human capital development through review of the education and health policies, and increase budgetary allocation to these two critical sectors, reconfigure the overtly centralized and unitarized security architecture that is struggling to provide security in a supposedly federal structure and refocus the conceptualisation and pursuit of national security to human security by taking concrete steps to prioritize and right-size the deployment of available national resource to address the vulnerability of marginalised groups, especially the poor in vulnerable and isolated places.
Page(s): 379-383 Date of Publication: 10 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51018Land-use changes are a significant determinant of land cover changes; this is on the grounds that it is human specialists; people, families, and private firms that make explicit moves that drive land-use change. An increment in family size, traveler populace, and abatement in the monetary prosperity of the indigenous area compels agricultural expansion. This paper aimed at analysing the Land-use Land-cover change pattern in the Akuapem-North Municipality and provide experimental record of land-cover changes in the municipality thereby broadening the insight of local authorities and land managers to better comprehend and address the complicated land-use system of the area and develop an improved land-use management strategies that could better balance urban expansion and environmental protection. Land cover change was observed through advanced processing and classification dependent on five multi-temporal medium resolution satellite symbolism (Landsat: 1986, 1990, 2002, 2017) into five classes. From this, precisely arranged pixel data were assigned to decide each land cover class size and the quantity of changed pixels into different classes through spatial change detection. It was discovered that land cover from 1986 to 2017 shows rapid changes in the landscape as there is high growth in built-up area. However, farmland and forest cover areas has reduced. Urban built-up area has extended outwards from the central-eastern part to the rest of the areas and has covered most of the northern, western, and southern parts. If the present growth trend continues, most of the vegetated areas will be converted into built-up areas in the near future, which may create ecological imbalance and affect the climate of the municipality.
Page(s): 384-390 Date of Publication: 10 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51019Page(s): 391-396 Date of Publication: 10 November 2021
Page(s): 397-402 Date of Publication: 11 November 2021
The concern for alternative source of power supply with the intention of maximizing the naturally and abundantly available solar energy is on the increasing measure in the developed and developing countries. Research and development studies suggest an optimistic future for the use and application of solar energy as a major source of renewable energy. To secure such a promising future in maximizing solar energy in a developing country like Uganda there is a need to investigate the level of awareness of the use and application amongst university students. The study employed survey technique using questionnaire to investigate the level of awareness of advantages and benefits there are on the use and application of solar energy. The study population is the university students selected purposively from Universities in Kampala, Uganda. Data collected from the study were analysed by comparing the mean standard deviation and Pearson moment correlation, and the research hypotheses were tested on 0.005 level of significance using regression analysis in order to determine the relationship between the level of awareness of the respondents and application of solar energy. Further suggestions made to elicit the spread of the usefulness and application of this alternative power supply in Uganda.
Page(s): 403-407 Date of Publication: 11 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51020The purpose of this study is to measure, analyze and explain (1) the effect of organizational commitment on the performance of program achievements and activities of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (2) The influence of HR competence on the performance of program achievements and activities of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (3) The influence of information technology on the performance of program achievements and activities of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (4) The influence of the performance of program achievements and activities of Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) on job satisfaction. (5) The effect of organizational commitment on job satisfaction. (6) The influence of HR competence on job satisfaction. (7) The effect of information technology on job satisfaction. This type of research uses descriptive and causality—hypothesis testing using structural equation modeling with a sample count of 200 respondents. The analysis results show that (1) organizational commitment has a positive and significant impact on the program’s performance and activities of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (2) HR competence positively impacts the program’s performance and activities of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (3) Information technology has a positive and significant effect on the program’s performance and activities of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (4) The performance of program achievements and activities of Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) has a positive but not significant effect on job satisfaction. (5) Organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (6) HR competence has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency. (7) Information technology has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of Tojo Una-Una Regency.
Page(s): 408-420 Date of Publication: 11 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51021Page(s): 421-426 Date of Publication: 11 November 2021
A characteristic of multiplayer web-based games is that players may take whatever job they choose, collaborate with other sections to complete far more complex goals, and complete missions of a violent nature. Players may communicate online, form friendships, and arrange real or virtual resources [1]. This research aims to ascertain the connection between Player Experience and Game Engagement in Battle Royale Games among Davao City Gamers. To ascertain the degree of player experience and game engagement and ascertain if there is a statistically significant connection between those factors. The data collection process is conducted through questionnaires. It is based on two of the most frequently used scales: the Player Experience of Need Satisfaction (PENS) and the Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ). Although both measures were created using a rational-theoretical approach, none has been subjected to formal factor analysis. Fifty (50) respondents from Davao City between the ages of 16 and 40 who are eligible for our research were chosen. The researchers utilized purposeful sampling to choose an example that is usually beneficial to the study goals to produce an example that may represent the community. The findings indicate that most video games remain tenacious in their quest for popularity and do not seem to have an end in sight. Real-life and the virtual world are gradually merging with virtual reality on the horizon and making inroads into more conventional settings. The research concluded by examining the elements of game playing experience that may improve people’s competence, idea autonomy, and relatedness. The degree to which it is significant and how it connects with other factors.
Page(s): 427-432 Date of Publication: 11 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51022Page(s): 433-441 Date of Publication: 12 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51023The inclusion of all segments of the population in the formal financial system has become a major concern for governments and global financial institutions in the current economic environment. This concern is reflected in an improvement in the quality and access to trained financial services adapted to different social strata. The objective of this study is to determine the factors that explain access to credit and the elements that influence gender (male or female) in the demand for bank credit by businesses in Cameroon. To do this, we adopted the logistic regression technique as an estimation technique and the data retained for this study come from the IDRC survey on the determinants of the performance of companies in Sub-Saharan Africa over the period from 2011 to 2012. , case of Cameroon. The results show that the female gender is not disadvantaged in applying for bank credit. In addition, this study reveals that the type of business and the turnover positively and significantly influence access to bank credit. Such results would have the consequence of favoring the impregnation of women in the traditional financial circuit.
Page(s): 442-456 Date of Publication: 12 November 2021
The purpose of this analytical review is to discover that the field of public relations is much more sophisticated now than it used to be due to both internal and external changes. Anchored on the Relational Dialectics Theory and RACE Model of Public Relations, this study reviewed the concepts of corporate relations and employee relations as well as the relationship which exists between them. The study adopts descriptive research design. The review shows that no organization exists in isolation; there is need to relate with the various publics particularly the employees and that corporate communication is a vital tool for creating and sustaining corporate and employee relations. The review further indicates that the connection between corporate relations and employee relations is both complex and essential. The review validates the view that there can be no lasting good corporate image or corporate communication and relationships with external publics without a cordial and mutually beneficial relationship with the employees (internal publics). The review clearly shows that happy employees are productive employees and that successful businesses or organizations are the ones which know how to manage relationships with their employees in order to build lasting employee satisfaction, productivity and a vibrant corporate reputation.
Page(s): 457-463 Date of Publication: 12 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51024Page(s): 464-472 Date of Publication: 12 November 2021
The study examined the competence of secondary school teachers’ usage of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives on lesson preparation, presentation and students’ assessments in Science. The study adopted a descriptive research design of survey type. 60 Science teachers were used for this study. Stratified random sampling technique was used in selecting the 60 teachers. A 15-item inventory was administered on the 60 teachers and the data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics. The outcome of the analysis revealed that teachers’ lesson preparation, presentation and students’ assessment test were not in conformity with the Bloom’s taxonomy of education.
Page(s): 473-478 Date of Publication: 12 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51025Social Media is a crucial means of disseminating information to the general public; and as a result regarded as a powerful tool of propaganda. In the Nigerian sphere of communication, it acts as a double-edged sword in the sense that it permits citizens to be aware of certain information without restrictions. In the peak of the covid 19 pandemic in Nigeria, a lot of health information concerning this disease has been passed across through the social media. Studies have proven that Nigerian youths utilize social media especially for information and entertainment purposes. This study therefore sought to find out how undergraduate students in Anambra State who are youths perceive these social media information on covid 19 and if they actually utilize the covid health information they read on social media. The study interrogated the social media platform they utilize to get these health messages. The study adopted the Survey research design and the questionnaire was used as the research instrument of data collection. The study was anchored on the Channel Complementarity Theory which states that individuals who are motivated to acquire information about an issue will use all sources that are perceived to fulfill that information need. The study concludes that the significance of social media outlets cannot be overemphasized with recourse to information dissemination. It also purports that these platforms have been abused as people hide under its anonymity to spread fake messages and instigate panic amongst members of the general public but is still being used for accessing health messages on covid inspite of this negative trend.
Page(s): 479-486 Date of Publication: 12 November 2021
Page(s): 487-495 Date of Publication: 14 November 2021
This study investigated teachers’ experiences with Yoruba-English bilinguals in public primary schools in Ekiti State. The sample used for this study consisted of one hundred (100) public primary schools teachers in the state. A simple self-developed questionnaire was used to get information from the respondents regarding their experiences with their pupils concerning the pupils’ communication behaviour and competence in Yoruba and English. The research hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance during the study. The findings showed that the pupils found it relatively more comfortable to communicate in their mother tongue than in the English language; that the issue of general preference for the use of English in the Nigerian educational sector which had imposed communication in the language on the pupils and their teachers was a major factor constraining the use of mother tongue at the elementary schools; and that teachers had resorted to the use of code mixing/switching to ensure pupils’ learning and understanding. These findings indicated that there were significant effects of English-Yoruba bilingualism on Yoruba and English learning among public primary school pupils in Ekiti State. This has negatively affected the learning of both languages by the pupils. Thus, the study recommended that the implementation of early Mother Tongue instruction should be made workable by ensuring adequate development of the mother tongue; teachers’ competence in the mother tongue; availability of teaching materials to be used and proper monitoring of the school to follow the stipulations in the policy.
Page(s): 496-501 Date of Publication: 14 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51026This paper attempts to explore the effect of the components of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Consumer Buying Behaviour (CBB). A questionnaire was administered to 110 consumers of MTN’s products in Bamenda, Cameroon. The results of descriptive, correlation and regression analysis showed that: Bamenda consumers are partially aware of CSR concept, only the ethical responsibility of MTN has a significant relationship with CBB, while the economic, legal and philanthropic responsibilities of MTN do not influence CBB. This means that the Bamenda MTN’s consumers do not think about economic, legal and philanthropic responsibilities when they take their buying decision. Some of the major recommendation is that MTN should communicate more on their legal aspects. For instance, if MTN opens up to the public about its legal activities and on how the company abides with state laws, the public may gain interest in the legality of the company which may go a long way to have an effect on sales, turnover and finally social and financial performance. The current philanthropic works undertaken by MTN foundation like working with communities, giving to charity and visiting orphanages should be improved upon by taking up activities like aiding victims of the crisis.
Page(s): 502-509 Date of Publication: 14 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51027Page(s): 510-514 Date of Publication: 14 November 2021
Culture and sport are frequently seen as having societal consequences. The participation of women in sports and physical activities is influenced in a variety of ways. Female participation in Sports/games and physical activities could have a significant positive impact on an individual’s physical, cultural, traditional/customs mental, and social well-being. The purpose of this research is to look at some of the Cultural/Customs and Traditional belief systems that influence women’s engagement in physical activities and games in Northern region colleges of education. The researchers employed a survey research approach to study about the cultural/customs and traditional belief systems that influence female engagement in sports/games and physical activities. Female students from the four colleges of education in the Northern region (Bagabaga College, E.P College – Bimbilla, Tamale College, and St’ Vincent College-Yendi) were the target population. The study identified some key findings of Cultural/Customs and Traditional belief practice which include, women’s access to information is limited by strict customs observation, myths, place of the woman is in the kitchen, curses and taboos based on effects on their reproductive organs, and women lose their femininity through active participation in sports, female genital mutilation, and women cleansing are some of the belief systems that contribute to women’s low participation in sports/games and physical activity. The study also identified other factors such as, Religious Beliefs/Norms, gender limitations, sociological and physiological variables that influence female engagement in sports/games and physical activities. It is recommended that the use of cultural enlightenment educational programmes that will demystify all traditional/customs and cultural belief systems and biases against female participation in sporting, games and physical activities in our communities. Use of Legislation to promote Cultural/Customs and Traditional physical activities in schools.
Page(s): 515-527 Date of Publication: 14 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51028Page(s): 528-543 Date of Publication: 15 November 2021
This study investigates the nexus between financial inclusion, financial innovation and economic growth in Africa by employing the panel autoregressive distribution lags using panel data over the period 2004–2018. The empiri¬cal findings reveals that the impact of economic growth on financial inclusion in Africa is positive and significant in the short and long run lending support to the growth led finance hypothesis that financial inclusion leads to economic growth. This paper, also finds a significant positive effect of financial innovation on financial inclusion in the long and short run in line with the supply leading hypothesis. We thus recommend policymakers to implement strategies that reckon incentives that can accelerate economic growth and financial innovations which can ultimately augment financial inclusion.
Page(s): 544-550 Date of Publication: 15 November 2021
This study aims to examine the effect of organizational innovation and technological innovation on organizational performance in the Aceh livestock department mediated by the quality of animal health service. The research population was 118 district/city animal health service officers in Aceh province. There were 128 officers chosen as the sample through the Slovin method. Data were analyzed by Structural Model Test. From the result we can see that the model tested proves that organizational innovation affects the service quality, technological innovation affects the service quality, organizational innovation affects organizational performance, technological innovation does not affect organizational performance, service quality affects organizational performance, service quality mediates the effect of organizational innovation on organizational performance, and service quality mediates the effect of technological innovation on organizational performance in the Aceh Livestock Department. The results also illustrate that service quality functions as a partial mediator on the effect of organizational innovation on organizational performance, and service quality functions as a full mediator on the effect of technological innovation on organizational performance. These results contribute academically to the development of a management model to improve organizational performance, which is a function of increasing organizational innovation variable either directly or through service quality, and the function of improving technological innovation to improve service quality, and ultimately will have an impact on improving organizational performance. For future researchers, research can be developed based on this tested model by adding variables such as organizational culture and organizational behavior.
Page(s): 551-559 Date of Publication: 15 November 2021
Page(s): 560-566 Date of Publication: 15 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51029This study was undertaken to assess the quality characteristics of cake made from composite flour (soy-bean and unripe plantain flour) enriched with carrot. The soy bean and unripe plantain were prepared and then blended into the following ratios: soy bean/unripe plantain (80:20), soy bean/unripe plantain (40:60), soy bean/unripe plantain (20:80), soy bean/unripe plantain (60:40), soy bean/unripe plantain (50:50), control (100% wheat flour). Functional analysis were carried out on the flour samples while the cakes produced from the flours were subjected to proximate analysis and sensory evaluation on a 9-point hedonic scale using 25-member trained and semi trained panelists. The results showed that swelling index ranged from 1.20-2.05, WAC 1.55-2.95ml/g, OAC 0.86-1.04ml/g, bulk density 0.24-0.29g/ml, wettability 16.9-29.3 sec and sinkability 24.9-38.2 sec. unripe plantain significantly improved the functional properties of the flour blends. The proximate composition were 16.1-23.2% protein, 9.0-16.1% fat, 21.8-42.7% moisture, 1.3-4.3% ash, 1.8-4.5% fibre and 22.5-44.7% carbohydrate. The proximate composition of the cakes produced from these flour blends compared very well with the 100% wheat flour cake and was in most cases superior. The sensory attributes of all the composite cakes (except the soy bean/unripe plantain (60:40) cake) compared well with the control and were all acceptable. The result of this study shows that various formulations of soy bean-unripe plantain flours can totally replace wheat flour in production of nutritious cakes of acceptable sensory quality.
Page(s): 567-573 Date of Publication: 15 November 2021
This study assessed the effect of environmental sanitation on the environmental performance of Akure, Ondo State. Survey research design was adopted in which 395 questionnaires were administered to respondents from selected 15 communities in the study area using simple random sampling technique. The data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling). The findings of the study showed that with a grand mean value of 0.30, there is a moderate level of public attitudes towards environmental sanitation in Akure. The result of the regression analysis on the effect of environmental sanitation on environmental performance revealed that gaseous emission control personal hygiene, and noise regulation have significant effect on air quality dimension of environmental performance. Also, the study found that noise regulation proper waste disposal and potable water supply have significant effect on noise quality. While personal waste disposal, portable water supply, noise regulation and gaseous emission control have significant effect on the water quality performance of the environment. The study recommends, that continuous sensitization and enlightenment programme be carried out by the appropriate government institutions to educate the populace on the need to imbibe good environmental sanitation practices with a view to improving the environmental performance of the study area.
Page(s): 574-580 Date of Publication: 15 November 2021
Page(s): 581-585 Date of Publication: 16 November 2021
This study aimed to see the effect of job insecurity, job characteristics, and workload on employee performance mediated by work satisfaction variables. The research subject was all employees of Bank Aceh Syariah (PT. BAS) Sigli Branch, located in Sigli city, Indonesia. The population was taken as a sample, as many as 106 people. The results show that Job insecurity affects Work satisfaction, Job Characteristics affects Work satisfaction, Workload affects Work satisfaction, Job insecurity does not affect Employee Performance, Job Characteristics affects Employee Performance, Workload affects Employee Performance, Work satisfaction affects Employee Performance, and Job insecurity affects Employee Performance through work satisfaction, Job Characteristics affects Employee Performance through work satisfaction, and Workload affects Employee Performance through work satisfaction. In the indirect influence model of job insecurity on employee performance, work satisfaction functions as a full mediator, while in the indirect effect model of job characteristics on employee performance, and the indirect effect model of workload on employee performance, work satisfaction functions as a partial mediator. These findings confirm the notion that the tested employee performance improvement model can be used, although there is one direct effect model that is not significant. This means that the model for improving employee performance is an indirect function of comforting job insecurity through work satisfaction, a direct function of strengthening job characteristics, a direct function of workload adjustment, and a function of increasing work satisfaction both as full moderator and partial moderator. Further researchers can develop this tested model by adding other variables such as corporate culture and employee innovation.
Page(s): 586-592 Date of Publication: 16 November 2021
This study was to see the effect Of Competency, Culture, And Work Attitude On Staff performance And Its Implications On The Performance of the Board of Planning and Development Of Pidie Regency (Bappeda Pidie), in Indonesia. The research sample was determined by the census method so that it is the same as the total population. The data were processed using Amos software with the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis method. The result shows that competency affects staff performance, Culture affects Staff performance, Work Attitude affects Staff performance, Staff performance affects Bappeda Pidie Performance, Competency affects Bappeda Pidie performance, Culture affects Bappeda Pidie performance, Work Attitude affects Bappeda Pidie performance, Competency affects Bappeda Pidie performance through staff performance, Culture affects Bappeda Pidie performance through staff performance, and Work Attitude affects Bappeda Pidie performance through staff performance. From the testing of the research model, staff performance is also proven to function as a partial mediation. Thus, this research model has been tested, which means that improving organizational performance, increasing competence, and looking for a culture that is in accordance with organizational performance is the right way, so that staff performance will increase and ultimately improve organizational performance. This model can be implemented especially for research subjects, namely Bappeda Pidie. This result is expected to be a reference for further research in the future, and the next researchers can develop this model tested by adding other variables in the model such as leadership variables, job satisfaction, work engagement as well as the application of work discipline and the application of e-performance.
Page(s): 593-598 Date of Publication: 16 November 2021
Page(s): 599-605 Date of Publication: 16 November 2021
Kataragama which can be identified as one the remarkable cultural destination from ancient periods in Sri Lanka. It is also known as “Kācharagāma”, “Kadiragāmam”, and “Kajjaragāma”. The ancient city of Kataragama enriched with numerous cultural, heritage and religious attractions. In each year the devotees in all the Hindu and Sinhalese also the Muslims gather to the festival which happens during the lunar month, July-August. The god Kataragama is known as “Murukan” is one of the main figures worshipping by both Sinhalese Buddhism and Tamil Hinduism. This is cogitation which refers to the contributive role of Sri Lankan Culture and Cultural heritage tourism. The cultural identity of this specific destination is very unique and it caused to enrich the emerging cultural heritage tourism. The paper discusses acculturation, cultural adoption and cultural commoditization in relation to the cultural heritage tourism perspective. Further, it reveals sufficient detail about the authenticity of tourism experience-oriented to Kataragama area and finally provide the recommendations in general and specifically with the considerations of key issues.
Page(s): 606-612 Date of Publication: 16 November 2021
Background: The context within which Nurses work has changed enormously since nursing models were first explored in relation to clinical practice. It is no longer acceptable to base practice on opinion, past practice, and precedent, as the culture of health Care has marginally shifted to evidence based decision making. In Zimbabwean Hospitals, there is no documented evidence to suggest that patients with HIV and AIDS are cared for using a theorized framework that meets the local needs. It is in light of such revelations that part of this study sought to ascertain the key nursing concepts that could be included in a future care model to better manage admitted HIV and AIDS patients. Purpose To determine nursing care values crucial in the nursing management of admitted patients with HIV and AIDS related illnesses. Methods: An interpretivist approach, which is a qualitative methodology, was preferred as the study sought through its methods to capture HIV and AIDS nursing care aspects in their entirety within the context of the patients and nurses who are experiencing them. Interpretive phenomenology was applied to explicitly describe the experience as lived by the respondents. Patients and nurses were purposively and conveniently sampled from which a sample size of 54 was obtained to inform the study. Respondents were included in the study on the basis of having been admitted for more than a day, conscious and mentally stable. The respondents shared their experiences when they were engaged through semi-structured interview schedules, focus group discussions and short essays. Results: A total of six (6) master themes emerged from this research question. These included; Need for Humaneness, “Ubuntu”, to be exhibited by the nurse: Need for Adherence; Need for Comprehensive care, also referred to as holistic care; Need for Competency among nurses tasked with delivering nursing care to admitted patients with HIV and AIDS related illnesses; Need for partnership, which can be established between the patient, family and nurse, as well as between nurses and other health care workers; and the Need for Sufficiency. Sufficiency should focus on staff, drugs and equipment adequacy. Conclusions Despite the progressions in the development of HIV medicines, nursing still needs to define its unique role and uphold the values as it delivers care to the admitted patients with HIV and AIDS related illnesses. A Qualitative analysis of Care values that need to be embraced and exhibited in the nursing care of patients with HIV and AIDS related illnesses in Zimbabwean hospitals.
Page(s): 613-623 Date of Publication: 16 November 2021
Page(s): 624-631 Date of Publication: 17 November 2021
Merger has been undergoing in organizations in Kenya with the main focus on financial performance improvement. However, most of these organizations have never realized their financial targets. Therefore, this study sought to establish the effects of liquidity on financial performance of non-financial institutions listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. An exploratory research was used. Three non-financial institutions namely: Car and General (C&G) and Cummins, Unga group Holdings and Kenolkobil were targeted. The study used secondary data collection sheet which involved the documentary reviews of data available in the released financial statements, and annual reports for the last 10 years, that is, 2011 to 2020. Analysis of quantitative data was through the use of descriptive statistics that included mean and standard deviation. In addition, determination of how variables relate to each other was done using inferential statistics specifically using analysis of multiple regression. The study established that liquidity had a significant effect on financial performance as indicated by t-value (t= 2.781, p<0.05). The study concludes that due to insufficient market depth or market interruptions, non-financial institutions were unable to efficiently liquidate or offset a particular position at or near the last traded market price, leading them to participate in bank lending to satisfy their daily transactions. The study recommends that the non-financial institutions listed at NSE should aim at maximizing their overhead expenses that consume much of their cash flow.
Page(s): 632-636 Date of Publication: 17 November 2021
The purpose of this study is to explore and analyze the utilization of human culture for the development of higher education; explore and analyze the urgency of the role of human culture in the development of higher education; explore and analyze the strength of mansai culture so that it can survive in the community in Mansalean Village, Banggai Laut Regency. This study uses a qualitative research type. Determination of the subject of this study using a purposive technique, by setting 10 people as research subjects, with the categories of community leaders, traditional leaders, educational leaders, and village government. The object of this research is culture mansai in the development of higher education. Data was collected using in-depth interview, observation and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique was carried out by data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing and verification. The results of this study indicate that, 1) the community utilizes the mansai culture for the development of higher education in Mansalean Village by encouraging achievement and economic factors; 2) the urgency of mansai culture for the development of higher education in Mansalean Village is to maintain unity, preserve deliberation, and to overcome social problems; and 3) the strength of mansai culture to survive in the Mansalean Village community is because mansai culture is local wisdom, a place for internalizing cultural values, a strong sense of family, and the involvement of the younger generation.
Page(s): 637-643 Date of Publication: 17 November 2021
Page(s): 644-656 Date of Publication: 18 November 2021
The absence of ethics in journalism leads to chaos uncertainty and fear, during times of a crisis. We will take a close look at the unethical coverage through the verbiage and the extent of damage physically and mentally that we have been going through since the onset of the pandemic. Making it not only an infectious disease pandemic, but this has developed into a fear pandemic of its own. The study looked at the most read 200 written news reports from around the world, narrowing the search to 50 in total; 40 of the top readership and 10 to ensure the study encompassed all regions of the globe. Seeing their use of ‘patient’ was dehumanising resulting in stigma, 30 news sources were then scrutinized using the World Health Organisations ‘Do’s” and ‘Don’ts’ sensitization guidelines ass per February 24, 2020,* all written reports failed in using the words known to create stigma. Coupled with these results are a plethora of research and studies compiled to bring attention to the fact stigma from infection diseases can affect the productivity of the heath care system during a pandemic, as well as result in serious lasting mental health concerns such as PTSD. As well a, charting how media is directly shown to feed the fear of crisis’s by sensationalising an event and using stigmatising verbiage in reporting. This can only be described as unethical media coverage. Outlined are ways to rectify this, including the importance of a Media’s apology to the world.
Page(s): 657-671 Date of Publication: 18 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51030The education sector in Kenya has been shaped by both internal and external environmental dynamics. Universities have borne the brunt of these turbulent environments the most. The environments within which the universities operate keep changing. Therefore, there is a need for universities to make sound and robust strategic choices. The strategic choices adopted by the universities will influence their success or failure. This research sought to identify the determinants of strategic choice among universities in Kenya. Specifically, the research tested four hypotheses: resource allocation has no strategic influence on strategic choice; organization culture has no significant influence on strategic choice; competitive environment has no significant influence on strategic choice; vision and mission have no significant influence on strategic choice. The research was guided by the contingency and resource dependency theories. A cross-sectional survey research design was used in this research. The target population was all the 71 universities accredited in Kenya by the Commission for University Education. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The independent variables were resource allocation, organization culture, competitive environment, and vision and mission. The quantitative data collected was cleaned, coded, and analyzed using Version 26 of the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) Software. A multiple regression model was used and the results obtained were summarized using tables. The findings of the study indicated that only organization culture and vision and mission have a significant influence on strategic choice. It also pointed out that resource allocation, organization culture, competitive environment, and vision and mission have explanatory power in explaining strategic choice. The findings also revealed that universities in Kenya adopt a clan culture. In light of the findings, the study recommends: that universities in Kenya should have defined procedures for strategic choice process, follow the defined procedures, and involve their employees in the process of developing the strategic choices to create a sense of purpose and belonging.
Page(s): 672-678 Date of Publication: 18 November 2021
Page(s): 679-685 Date of Publication: 18 November 2021
Page(s): 686-691 Date of Publication: 19 November 2021
Poor teachers’ performance is an unavoidable issue that created doubts about the schools’ quality of education. The objective of this study was to determine which domain in the School-Based Management Implementation significantly influence the Employees’ Performance in one the district in the City of Panabo. The researcher used a quantitative, non-experimental research design utilizing casual effect technique. The data were gathered using downloaded, adopted, and modified questionnaire. Using stratified random sampling, 167 public school teachers of Panabo Central District were identified respondents. The Mean, Pearson-r, and Regression Analysis were the statistical tools used to interpret the data collected. The result of the survey revealed that the level of all the indicators of School-Based Management Implementation is very high. Moreover, the level of employees’ performance is also very high. However, it was found that there is no significant relationship between School-Based Management Implementation and Employees’ Performance
Page(s): 692-697 Date of Publication: 19 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51031The under- representation of women in national, social, political and economic affairs in postcolonial African countries is a major problem. Women are marginalized and subjugated in society because of gender inequality. This contributes to women’s search for identity in their societies. This representation of women’s search for identity becomes a tool for enhancement of denied autonomy that is represented through writing. It is implicit that the woman is viewed within the prototype of “Self” and “Other” in the expression of personal autonomy; hence woman’s search for self-identity mediates between the “Self” and “Other.” These binary oppositions of “Self” and “Other” make postcolonial theoretical criticism a relevant tool of analysis with regard to the development of the female self and national identity. This is because postcolonial theory is concerned with identity, formation and construction in regard to marginalized groups. It is argued that in a colonial state, the Africans are the “Other” than the whites while in a patriarchal society women are the “Other” than men. Therefore, post-colonial theory is suitable in the interrogation of women’s marginalization and subjugation in African societies such as Nigeria and Kenya, where women are viewed as relative to man and without a voice. This paper, thus, develops on the premise that cultural hybridity is the panacea to marginalization and subjugation in society. In this paper, I explore how Adichie in Half of a Yellow Sun and Ogola in The River and the Source, indict patriarchal order in their societies. The paper is an investigation of the development of the female self which sets out to criticize patriarchal gendered perspectives that undermine women in society. In the paper, I analyze how the two writers deploy cultural hybridity strategies to bring women’s self-perspective on board to address their identity with regard to equal gender representation, in national, social, economic and political affairs.
Page(s): 698-704 Date of Publication: 19 November 2021
Page(s): 705-712 Date of Publication: 19 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51032The study examined the views of students on orientation programs organized for fresh students in the University of Cape Coast at the beginning of the 2019/2020 academic year. Students’ involvement theory was adapted. Qualitative data was collected from purposively selected respondents and key informants in the University and analyzed using a thematic approach. The study revealed that the duration of the program was short and therefore packed which make it too stressful for the students. During the orientation exercise, some of the expectations of the students were met whilst others were not.
Page(s): 713-721 Date of Publication: 19 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51033Page(s): 722-726 Date of Publication: 20 November 2021
The human and robot rights’ debate in relation to their roles in the work place has persistently triggered question of ‘robot responsibility and has invoked some of the most differentiated opinions in artificial intelligent ethics. In contributing to the existing debate about this construct, this paper focused on the theoretical appraise of the rights of human and robots in the emerging industrial environment. The paper established that while some scholars and professionals advocate or supports the granting robots’ rights on a par with human beings, others, in a blunt disagreement contends that robots are not worthy of rights but are objects that should be our slaves. This paper contends that denying robots ‘rights is not acceptable, and that robots, as artifacts evolving out of and arbitrating human being, are the kinds of things that could be granted rights in the workplace. Since robots are seen as mediators of human being, it then becomes very pertinent to understand how the ‘robot and human rights’ debate is focused on first world problems, at the expense of urgent ethical concerns, such as machine prejudice, machine provoked human labour mistreatment, and attrition of discretion all impacting society’s least advantaged individuals. The paper concludes that, if human being is the starting point and human well-being is the primary focus, the negative impacts emerging from human treatment of machine makes it clear that the advocacy for robots tight is not over emphasized.
Page(s): 727-735 Date of Publication: 20 November 2021
This study attempts to address the need for a better understanding of teacher engagement by developing a multidimensional measure of work engagement that is particular to work done by teachers in classrooms and schools. Using random numbers, this study recruited 400 elementary and secondary public-school instructors. It was held in the Panabo City Division’s elementary and secondary public schools. Teachers have a critical role in children’s educational experiences. Increased job satisfaction, workplace productivity, and even student engagement have all been connected to instructors’ interest in their profession. Teachers’ attitudes and motivation levels must be conveyed to pupils. Thus it’s critical to gain a better knowledge of their work engagement. The teaching profession will benefit from this research since it will help to better understand teacher involvement. Teacher involvement data for a specific school site is supplied. The need to change teacher attitudes, perceptions and emotional understanding in the classroom is becoming more widely recognized. Effective teaching is psychologically dependent on motivated teachers who are fully engaged in their work, both academically and emotionally, and socially. The findings suggest that, in addition to cognitive and affective components of engagement, social interaction with students and coworkers should be considered.
Page(s): 736-739 Date of Publication: 20 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51034Page(s): 740-745 Date of Publication: 20 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51035The objective of this study is to critically evaluate the impact of institutions on the economic performance of Nigeria. To achieve this, annual time series data were employed from 1999 to 2020. Six institutional quality indicators of Political Stability Index, corruption perception index, Voice and Accountability, Rule of Law, Regulatory Quality, and Ease of Doing Business indicator, were employed as the independent variables while the dependent variable, economic performance was proxied by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Per Capita. The result indicates that all the indicators of institutional quality have positive impact on economic performance in Nigeria in the period under review. Political Stability Index, Corruption Perception Index, Regulatory Quality and Ease of doing business have significant impact on economic performance while Voice and Accountability as well as Rule of Law had insignificant positive effect. The study concludes that there is the need for strong institutions in Nigeria as it engenders higher economic performance, thus noting that institution is the oil that lubricates the engine of economic growth and development in an economy.
Page(s): 746-755 Date of Publication: 20 November 2021
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51036The main purpose of the paper is to assess the nature and types of digital currency and the potential impact of digital currency adoption on African economies. The paper is based on a review of various articles, working papers, books, policy documents and legislations, and relevant websites of central banks as well as other international institutions which provide public information regarding digital currency. A qualitative descriptive design has been adopted in this study. Qualitative content analysis of documents was carried out and semi-structured interview conducted to elicit the views of five (5) key informants. From the political economy perspective and in the light of prevailing economic conditions of chronic inflation and national currency volatility with the prospects of ‘digital dollarization, the paper argues that Africa ought to launch a single regional digital currency or a digital currency payment platform to address its negative impact rather than the issuance of national CBDCs which has the tendency to magnify the national fiat currency volatility in the digital economy. Additionally, the paper shows that digital currency average per transaction cost is 103.5 times cheaper than Sub-Saharan Africa average cost. It is also 65.5 times and 51.4 times cheaper than the digital remittance index and the global SmaRT average cost respectively. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates that digital currency adoption and spread in Africa is irreversible and Africa governments and regulators should adopt a regional approach to regulation, rather than regulate against digital assets, embrace and invest in robust research into digital currency ecosystem. Finally, in view of the limited research into digital currency adoption and its impact, design and technology options in Africa, the need for future research agenda to focus in these areas cannot be over emphasized.
Page(s): 756-767 Date of Publication: 20 November 2021
This study examined the relationship among locus of control, self-efficacy and senior secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlation survey research design. The sample for the study was 420 senior secondary schools students drawn using the multi-stage sampling technique. Rotters’ Locus of control scale and new general Self-efficacy scale by Chen, Gully and Eden were used in data collection. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r) was used in answering the research questions while t-test for correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in testing the null hypothesis at level of significance. Results showed that there is a very low relationship between students’ self-efficacy scores and their academic achievement scores in Biology. There is no significant relationship between secondary school students’ self-efficacy scores and their academic achievement scores in Biology. Further more there is a very low relationship between students’ locus of control scores and their academic achievement scores in Biology. There is a significant relationship between secondary school students’ locus of control scores and their academic achievement scores in Biology. There is a moderate positive relationship among self-efficacy, locus of control and secondary school students’ academic achievement in biology. Hence, it could be concluded that the academic achievement of the students could not be ascribed to their self-efficacy or locus of control alone as other factors contribute to the achievement of students in Biology.
Page(s): 768-773 Date of Publication: 25 November 2021
