The effect of collaborative strategy on secondary school student’s academic achievement and attitude towards mathematics in Lagos state was investigated in this study. It was an experimental study, and the design was pre-test, control group quasi-experimental. All secondary schools in educational district II picked randomly from six educational districts in Lagos state constitute the population for the study. The selection of two local government areas was done with simple random, one school was selected from each local government using random sampling, and one intact class of junior secondary school II selected from the two schools represents the study sample. The sample size was 60 junior secondary school II students. The instruments used for collecting data are Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) and Students Mathematics Attitude Questionnaire (SMAQ). The instruments were validated, trial-tested. The reliability coefficients of the two instruments were 0.88 and 0.89 respectively. Analysis of Covariance was used to analyse the collected data and to measure the two stated null hypotheses. From the results of the study, the effect of the treatment is not significant on student achievement in mathematics but, a significant difference exists in students’ attitude to mathematics with the use of collaborative strategy. Mathematics teachers should ensure proper enhancement of collaborative strategy with thorough monitoring of the students in different groups while teaching mathematics.
Page(s): 01-05 Date of Publication: 03 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6801Download PDF
Internalization of AIK is also a Quality Target and Quality Standard of the Learning Process at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta (FT-UMJ.) The objectives of this research are 1) to map the implementation of the Internalization of AIK implementation in the subjects taught at the IT-FTUMJ Study Program, 2) to identify problems and obstacles experienced in carrying out the internalization of AIK values in courses, 3) Recommending proposed strategies in their implementation. The research method is a descriptive, qualitative method, with a case study. Data collection techniques are documents and interviews. The informants in this study were 11 (eleven) permanent lecturers at the Faculty of Engineering who taught 46 core courses. The documents seen are the IT Study Program Vision, Semester Learning Plans (RPS), Teaching Assignments and Quality Goals. The results showed that only 4 courses included AIK material in the RPS or 8.6% of 46 courses. The results of the interview show that not all lecturers understand the Internalization of AIK, which has been given so far to the extent of Islamic values regarding behavior. Rules / Decree of the Chancellor regarding the Internalization of AIK, have never seen but have heard of an appeal or order from the leadership, Internalization of AIK in courses is very important to be included in the RPS so that it becomes the difference between RPS at UMJ and other universities and as an indicator of the achievement of the vision of the IT study program in Islamic aspect. The obstacles experienced by lecturers are due to the limited religious knowledge possessed by lecturers to examine AIK values related to courses. Recommendations in this study are to encourage leaders to issue policies or rules regarding the obligation to carry out AIK Internalization in courses listed in the RPS, make written guidelines and rules regarding technical implementation, conduct socialization to lecturers, provide assistance and guidance to lecturers, conduct monitoring & evaluation and Follow-up Improvements, so that it is a continuous process (continuous improvement).
Page(s): 06-11 Date of Publication: 07 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6802Download PDF
Recent advancement in technology has led to a remarkable increase in solar cell efficiency while causing a reduction in the expenses of PV systems and the adoption of PV systems as a reliable source of energy globally. To further reduce the entry barrier of PV systems, most governments have introduced several incentives including a Net-metering tariff which uses a bi-directional meter for grid-connected PV systems. This research work focuses on the design and simulation of a 2kW grid-connected system with an integrated bi-directional metering unit. The design, modelling, simulation, and analysis of the developed system were done using the Simulink interface of the MATLAB suite. The system essentially consisted of a “Perturb and Observe” MPPT system, a phase-locked loop (PLL), an LCL filter, and a Mosfet-based single phase inverter system. In comparison to existing studies, the research features an integrated bi-directional metering unit to give a more practical overview of the implementation and operation of the counter-based bi-directional meters and net metering. The simulation result obtained from running the model at different levels of irradiance and the response of integrated bidirectional meter indicated a functional system capable of metering energy in both modes.
Page(s): 12-22 Date of Publication: 08 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6803Download PDF
Down syndrome is one of the most leading causes of intellectual disability and millions of these patients face various health issues including learning and memory, congenital heart diseases (CHD), Alzheimer’s diseases (AD), leukemia, cancers and Hirschprung disease (HD). The incidence of trisomy is influenced by maternal age and differs in population (between 1 in 319 and 1 in 1000 live births) [1]. DS has high genetic complexity and phenotype variability. Trisomic fetuses are at elevated risk of miscarriages and DS people have increased incidence of developing several medical conditions [2,3]. Recent advancement in medical treatment with social support has increased the life expectancy for DS population. In developed countries, the average life span for DS population is 55 years [4].
Page(s): 23-27 Date of Publication: 08 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6804Download PDF
The impacts of industrialization on socio-economic development can’t be over emphasized, but so are the negative consequences. This paper examines the health and environmental impacts of Dangote Cement Industry on the physical environment of the encompassing settlement of Obajana, Kogi State. this is often with a view to providing sustainable solution to the negative impact of huge scale industries in an emerging economy like Nigeria. The study involved empirical observation and interview of residents of the world. About 150 questionnaires were administered randomly on workers and residents, out of which 137 were returned. These were analyzed using simple tables. The study confirms extensive incidence of land, air, and sound pollution, asthma, carcinoma and Heart diseases over and above recommended minimum limits. It also discovers lack of considerable compliance with the principle of environmental integrity sustainability and National Environmental Standard Regulation Authority (NESRA) in terms of environmental resource protection. The study recommends that, for Nigeria to maximize benefits of industrialization and minimize its negative effects, a tripartite arrangement that involves the industry, the community and therefore the government must be involved in environmental monitoring and protection
Page(s): 28-40 Date of Publication: 08 September 2021
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“Combo” is a standardized polyherbal drink prepared from five different medicinal plants. It is popularly used in Nigeria, mostly by women for reproductive and sexual dysfunction. Due to its widespread appeal to trying to conceive (TTC) patients and long-time abuse as an aphrodisiac, the effect of sub-acute administration of combo for 28 days on liver and kidney function indices in experimental rats was investigated. Serum biochemical indices and hematological parameters were determined and compared for significant variation with a reference group. In contrast to traditional belief among users, oral administration of Combo to rats once a day for 28 days at either 100, 200 or 300 mg/Kg bw did not lead to a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in body weight. There was little or no difference in all the studied biochemical parameters in comparison to the control except for slight variation at the highest dose level. There was also a significant increase in albumin concentration at all dose levels which can be linked to an increase availability of sex hormones. The study shows that the “Combo” extract has no significant adverse effect at the lower dose of 100 and 200 mg/Kg bw.
Page(s): 41-45 Date of Publication: 10 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6805Download PDF
Field studies were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Agriculture Makurdi, and National Cereals Research Institute (NCRI) Substation, Yandev during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The objective was to identify the location and cultivar with optimum yield response for adoption. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The cultivars evaluated included Borno Red, Dan-Bomboyo, Ebunaigbaji, Ijiwanda, Samnut-16, Samnut 21, and Samnut 22. Yield components viz, number of mature and immature pods, haulm weight, 100 seed weight, length of primary branches, number of secondary branches, weight of 100 mature pods and seeds from 100 mature pods, shelling percentage and seed yield were recorded. Results showed that Samnut 21 x Makurdi location interaction gave significantly higher number of mature pods ( 44.0 ), number of secondary branches ( 29 ) and number of immature pods ( 45.00 ). One hundred ( 100 ) seed weight was highest ( 67.00 g ) under Samnut 22 x Makurdi interaction followed by Samnut 21 x Makurdi interaction ( 66.20 g). Ebunaigbaji at Makurdi recorded significantly longer branches ( 47.00 cm). Samnut 16 x Yandev and Samnut 22 x Yandev interactions produced significantly higher seed yields of 1646.00 kg/ha and 1102.00 kg/ha respectively. For Makurdi farmers interested in fodder, Ebunaigbaji at Makurdi with longer primary branches and Samnut 21 at Makurdi with higher number of secondary branches gave better results. The environmental conditions at Yandev were more favourable to the seed production of Samnut 16 followed by Samnut 22.
Page(s): 46-50 Date of Publication: 11 September 2021
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The traditional method of feeding the fish in an aquarium leads to wastage of the feed and poor water quality as the water easily gets contaminated and consequently hampers fish growth. Also, the method of having a pre-set time has not much effect to the problem as it may lead to unequal feed distribution and starvation of the smaller fishes. A behavioural pattern whereby the fish can be fed anytime will balance feed intake by the fish and promote growth. It will also reduce wastage. The identified state where the fish are more settled at the water surface with much movement thereby increasing the water current is used in this work. A gyroscope is proposed for the measurement of angular displacement caused by the water current. Because of the non-availability of the gyroscope and other necessary conditions, a dataset was formulated and histogram function in Microsoft Excel used in plotting the signal state of the two conditions. The difference in the two signal levels guarantees the reliability of this process in determining when it is more appropriate to feed the fish using an automated method in a smart fishpond.
Page(s): 51-56 Date of Publication: 11 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6806Download PDF
In this study, reservoir sands from seven wells Kanga Oil field in the Onshore Niger Delta were analyzed sedimentologically to determine the level of spatial distribution of significant heterogeneity in the subsurface and infer the depositional environments. From the sedimentological analyses, three reservoir intervals J100, K100 and L100 of interest were identified based on the gross thickness of the reservoir sand, cleanliness of the reservoir sand and presence of hydrocarbon, and correlated across the field using suites of wire line logs. The environment of deposition was interpreted using gamma-ray log motif and lithologic description from Sidewall samples. The environments of deposition have been interpreted as Channel sands, Upper Shoreface, Lower Shoreface and Marine Shale, a reflection that the sediments was deposited in medium to low energy environment which favors the deposition of fine to medium grains sediments
Page(s): 57-61 Date of Publication: 15 September 2021
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This work presented the development of an examination based system for visually impaired persons. This was achieved to eliminate the challenges and disenfranchisements of visually impaired person’s right to quality education. This was achieved using voice synthesizer, photonic analyzer, and filters techniques. These were designed using universal modeling diagrams and then implemented with MYSQL and visual studio tool. The system was tested but background noise limited the performance, however ear and mouth piece was used to eliminate the back ground noise and good performance was achieved. The result showed the student was able to partake in the exam successfully and then received the overall score after the exam.
Page(s): 62-68 Date of Publication: 16 September 2021
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Background: Ethanol has been shown to interfere with the normal development of the fetal liver when exposed prenatally. Although data exist on the teratogenic effects of ethanol to the fetal viscera, data on the histostereological effects of ethanol on the fetal liver when administered in varying doses and at different gestational periods is lacking. Method: A static-group experimental study design was adopted. In this study, 30 female albino rat dams weighing between 200 – 230gm from a pure colony breed were used as the experimental model. These 30 rats were broadly organized into four main study groups based on the ethanol dose namely: – Control group, low ethanol group (LEG), medium ethanol group (MEG) and high ethanol group (HEG). Each ethanol group was further sub grouped per the trimesters namely: – trimester one (GD1-GD20), trimester two (GD7-GD20), and trimester three subgroup (GD14-GD20) each comprised of 3 rats. Groups I served as expectant control that received food and water ad libitum only while Groups II (LEG), III (MEG) and IV (HEG) received 2g/kgbwt, 3.5g/kgbwt and 5g/kgbwt of ethanol respectively daily via oral gavage. All the rats were humanly sacrificed on the 20th day of gestation. A total of 90 fetuses had their liver harvested, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for stereological analysis. Data was collected using structured datasheets and photomicrographs. The data was then analyzed using STEPnizer software and SPSS version 23. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison tests were done. The results were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for all values. The findings were then presented in form of tables. Results: A significant increase (P=0.001) in the total liver volume and volume densities of the portal triad, sinusoids and hepatocytes were observed. In conclusion, the present study established that ethanol consumption during pregnancy has varied histostereological hepato-teratogenic effects in time and dose dependent manner, therefore expectant mothers need to abstain from ethanol consumption any time during pregnancy.
Page(s): 69-73 Date of Publication: 10 August 2021
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Anti-nutrient and mineral contents of boiled and unboiled selected spices; moringa (Moringa oleifera) marugbo (Clerodendrum volubile), cotton seed (Gossypium hirsutum) and pepper soup spices ) were determined using standard procedures. The anti-nutrients properties examined were tannin, phytic , oxalated and saponin. Values recorded for tannin were 0.18, 0.37, 0.68 and 0.29 (%) for moringa, marugbo,cotton seed and pepper soup spices respectively. Phytic acid values (mg/g) were obtained for moringa, marugbo,cotton seed and pepper soup spices were 1.98, 0.82,1.24 and 1.45 respectively. The values obtained for tannin dropped from 0.18 to 0.14% for moringa, 0.37 to 0.13% for marugbo, 0.68 to 0.25% for Cotton seed and 0.29 to 0.17% for Pepper soup spices. Similarly phytic acid diminished from 1.98 to 1.03mg/g, 0.82 to 0.00mg/g, 24 to 0.45.mg/g and 1.45 to 0.82 mg/g for moringa, marugbo,cotton seed and pepper soup spices respectively. Minerals examined in all spices showed lower values for the boiled spices. Sodium (mg/100g ) for unboiled and boiled spices were 7.02 and 4.3 for moringa, 3.92 and 3.19 for marugbo 24.99 and 15.99 for cotton seed and 38.03 and 21.83 mg/100g for pepper soup spices. Other minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron) examined in this work followed the same trend. The results showed that boiling employed in this study reduced the anti-nutrients content of the spices while the minerals were not affected . This work showed that boiling is still the cheapest method to reduce the anti-nutritional factors in foods
Page(s): 74-77 Date of Publication: 20 September 2021
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Discharge planning is a nursing service provided to prepare patients for independent care after leaving the health care facility. Nurses have a significant role in the implementation of discharge planning. Failure to provide and document discharge planning will risk the severity of the disease, life-threatening, and physical dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to describe the nurse’s perception of the importance of discharge planning in the Inpatient Room at the RSUDZA Banda Aceh. This descriptive study used a cross-sectional approach, and the population is all nurses who work in the Inpatient Room RSUDZA Banda Aceh. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling, with a total of 61 respondents. The data collection tool is a questionnaire using a Likert scale consisting of 33 statements and data analysis in univariate analysis. The results showed that from 61 respondents, 67.2% of respondents perceived discharge planning as important to implement. The result for each variable is described simultaneously: 62.3% of respondents perceive medication as “important” to implement; then 63.9% of respondents perceive the environment as “less important” to be implemented; moreover, 82.0% of respondents perceive treatment as “important” to implement; continued by 65.6% of respondents perceive Health Teaching is “less important” to implement; 86.9% of respondents perceive Outpatient Referrals as “important” to implement; lastly, 73.8% of respondents perceive diet as “important” to implement. It is recommended that the hospital improve the quality of hospital services significantly in discharge planning by making guides/permanent procedures for implementing discharge planning to patients.
Page(s): 78-82 Date of Publication: 22 September 2021
DOI : 10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6807Download PDF
The purpose of the study is to investigate the electronic based e-service channel on banking users. Focus is given to some selected banking service channels, in this context, the service channel are speed of delivery, convenience, efficiency, reliability & security are considered as service based technology channels. The methodology approach employed was the survey questionnaire administered to the respective users of the banking channels. Five hypotheses were formulated and tested using the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). A survey of 248 valid questionnaire instruments, were collected from the customers of e-service banking users within Yola metropolis. Data obtained from the customers were analyzed using the SEM-PLS to determine the reliability and validity of the model. Besides, path coefficient and the degree of Influence on banks users were investigated. The findings indicate significant influence on banking users which can be categories as Small, Medium and Large Influence. The paper contributed to both theory & practice, the research developed a model, tested with a data obtained from e-banking users which enable the financial sector know the services they deliver to their customers
Page(s): 83-89 Date of Publication: 23 September 2021
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